Phase-contrast X-ray imaging or phase-sensitive X-ray imaging is a general term for different technical methods that use information concerning changes in the phase of an X-ray beam that passes through an object in order to …

Ptychography is a scanning x-ray microscopy method with coherent illumination. The word ptychography was derived from the Greek words ptyché (πτυχή = fold) and gráphein (γράφειν = to write). It is an imaging technique consisting …

In scanning microscopy, a small but intensive x-ray beam is used to scan the sample. This microbeam is typically generated by an x-ray optic. At each position of the scan, an x-ray analytical signal, such …

X-ray imaging is an imaging technique where a target's inner body is observed by measuring the amount of energy loss when irradiating the target with X-rays. Those rays are electromagnetic waves in the spectrum 1 …

One of the key strengths of hard x-rays is their large penetration depth in matter, allowing one to investigate the interior of an object without destructive sample preparation. Hard x-ray microscopy takes advantage of this. …